The Windham council chamber room was standing room only; and
an over flow room was opened with extra seating to accommodate the many Highland
Lake (HL) watershed residents attending the Town Council meeting on Tuesday,
August 22. They were present to discuss the need for a moratorium on high
density development in the HL water shed due to water quality issues at the
lake.
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Rosie Hartzler and Dennis Brown |
The discussion began with Town Manager, Tony Plante,
providing a synopsis to the Council regarding the history of HL. He explained that because of decreasing water quality in HL in the ‘80s
and ‘90s, an EPA funded watershed survey was conducted in 1997, to identify
sources of non-point source pollution unfiltered runoff, emitting phosphorus
into the lake.
HL was placed on the DEP list of “lakes most at risk for
over development.” Following extensive
mitigation efforts to reduce phosphorus, the lake water quality improved.
However, in 2014, water quality monitors noted a sudden
drop in water clarity during July and August of that year. This pattern
repeated during the 2015 and 2016 seasons and it was determined that the drop
in water clarity was caused by picocyanobacteria (PCB) – a microscopic bacteria
proliferating in the lake, most likely caused in part because of a high level
of nutrients (namely phosphorus and nitrogen) in the lake.
Highland Lake Association (HLA) President, Rosie Hartzler
spoke to the Windham Town Council. “We are here tonight to request a one year
moratorium on high-density development,” Hartzler said. “This will give the
town the opportunity to revisit ordinances and zoning regulations in order to
consider how those ordinances may need to be adjusted, in order to protect
resources like Highland Lake.”
“PCB is a new and unknown microscopic bacterium that
baffles even the scientist,” Hartzler added. “We need time to figure this out.”
Hartzler explained that according to Professor Karen
Wilson, Environmental Science Professor from the University of Southern Maine,
the PCB outbreak may be indicative of things to come. At this point, the picocyanobacteria
bloom is considered non-toxic but is a short step away from becoming toxic and
a health threat to the lake. “We are at a tipping point,” stated Hartzler.
Dennis Brown, Treasurer of the HLA and Committee Chair, expressed
concerns related to the two high density development projects that are being
considered in the HL water shed: Highland Views Manufactured
Housing Park & Mixed Use Development and Babbidge Farms Subdivision.
“Both projects
contain and are near major wetlands,” Brown began. “One project has the
potential to distribute 30 percent of the unmitigated phosphorus from the
development into Macintosh Brook, the main feeder brook into Highland Lake.”
Brown also expressed apprehension about the potential
impact of any additional development in the watershed; as this would create a
situation that would be very difficult to mitigate for the potential addition
of excess phosphorus and nutrients into HL.
He suggested that, if a moratorium is in place, it might
give the time needed to protect and discover what has been missed. He also stated
that, what may be learned in this process might possibly be a model to other
lakes, particularly in the Windham area, noting that HL is not the only lake in
Windham exhibiting signs of stress.
Robyn Saunders, Program Director of the Cumberland County
Soil and Water Conservation, was present and spoke about the need for towns to
consider the potential impact of development on natural resources.
“Development and land use ordinances have not caught up
with science yet,” said Saunders. “Consultants
are only required to look at present regulations and permits and do not
consider the present environmental impact.”
Town Legal Counsel, Kristin Collins added that a moratorium
can be established, but a clear analysis of why it is needed is necessary in order
for it to be put in place. She suggested putting a proposal on the table with
extensive research and thought as to why a moratorium is needed, with clear
objectives set in place.
After discussions, concerns and questions were expressed
by the Council; a poll of the Council members was taken and all agreed to investigate
a moratorium.
No community member in the audience spoke out against the
moratorium or presented an alternative viewpoint.
As Plante stated, “This will not be the last conversation
on this issue, there will be many more to come.”